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White rust Albugo cruciferarum Leaf blight Alternaria brassicae 1. WHITE RUST / BLISTER- Albugo cruciferarum Symptoms Isolated, raised and shiny white pustules develop on leaves and stem. In severe cases, the entire plant may remain dwarf and only small leaves are formed. The pathogen is an obligate parasite. Mode of spread and survival The infection […]
Diseases of oats DISEASES CAUSAL ORGANISM Septoria avenae blotch Phaeosphaeria avenaria f.sp. avenaria Stem and leaf rust Puccinia graminis var. avena Leaf spot Drechslera campanulata Bacterial blight Pseudomonas syringae pv.striafaciens Yellow dwarf Barley yellow dwarf virus 1. Septoria avenae blotch — Phaeosphaeria avenaria f.sp. avenaria Symptoms The fungus infects leaves, sheaths and stem and […]
Deworming means removing worms from the digestive system, particularly from the stomach, intestine and liver. Deworming makes the animal more resistant to diseases. It helps the animal grow faster, perform better and produce better milk, meat and eggs. Symptoms of worm infestation 1. Animal lacks vigor. 2. Poor appetite. 3. Decrease in body weight 4. […]
family of chiefly herbaceous tendril-bearing vines (order Campanulales) that are characterized by an inferior ovary and anthers usually united and that include food plants (as the cucumber, melon, squash, and pumpkin), drug plants (as the colocynth), and ornamental plants (as the gourds) Fruit flies (Tephritidae: Diptera) Bactrocera dorsalis: Adult is a reddish-brown fly with lemon-yellow […]
BELLADONA Cut worm, Agrotis flammetra (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) Leaf feeder, Archipsinca ceana SENNA Green leaf eating caterpillar, Catopsilia pyranthe Pierdae Lepidoptera Pod borer, Etiella zinckenella Phycitidae Lepidoptera LONG PEPPER Mealy bug, Dysmicoccus sp. (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) Tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora (Miridae: Hemiptera) MEDICINAL YAMS Aphids, Aphids gossypii, Pentalonia nigronervosa (Aphididae: Hemiptera) Red spider mite, Tetranychus sp […]
PESTS OF COFFEE White stem borer Xylotrechus quadripes Cerambycidae: Coleoptera White stem borer is the most serious pest of Arabica coffee in India. Alternate host plants include Robusta tree coffee, teak, Oleadioica etc. However, borer usually does not breed in these plants. Adult is slender and 2.5 cm long beetle. Forewings are black with white […]
PESTS ON SUGARCANEEarly shoot borer – Chilo infuscatellus (Crambidae: Lepidoptera) P refer 1-3 months old crop. Caterpillar enters the stem by making holes above the ground level. Formation of “dead heart” is the symptom. Affected plants can be easily pulled out. Rotten portion of the dead heart emits an offensive odour. High temperature, low humidity, […]
CITRUS Lime tree borer or orange borers Chelidonium cinctum (Cerambycidae: Coleoptera) This is a major and highly destructive pest in South India. Wilting of twigs and stems, gum exudations and wood powder accumulation on ground below are symptoms of attack. Adult is dull metallic green to dark violet with a yellow band across the middle […]
GUAVA Tea mosquito bug Helopeltis antonii (Miridae: Hemiptera) Fruit borer/ Castor capsule borer Conogethes punctiferalis (Pyraustidae: Lepidoptera) Guava fruit flies Bactrocera diversus (Tephritidae: Diptera) Whiteflies, Aleurotuberculatus psidii (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) Aphids, Aphis gossypii (Aphididae: Hemiptera) Mealy bugs, Coccus viridis and Ferrisia virgata (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) Guava scales Chloropulvinaria psidii (Diaspididae: Hemiptera) Bark borer, Indarbela tetraonis (Metarbelidae: Lepidoptera) […]
Millets are indigenous to many parts of the world.The most widely grown millet is pearl millet, which is an important crop in India and parts of Africa.Finger millet, proso millet, and foxtail millet are also important crop species In India, various alcoholic beverages are produced from millets.[31] Millet is also the base ingredient for the […]
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important cereal crop cultivated all over the world and consumed by nearly 35% of the world population. It harbours nearly two dozen of insects; among them only half a dozen of insect pests, like aphids, termites, army worm, pink stem borer, pod borer and Ghujhia weevil, attain the major pest […]
Beneficial insects and mites belong to three categories: predators, parasitoids, and pollinators. Predators capture and eat other organisms such as insects or mites. Predators include ladybird beetles, ground beetles, lacewings, syrphid (hover) flies, aphid midges (Aphidoletes) and yellowjacket wasps. Parasitoids are insects that parasitize other insects. The immature stages of parasitoids develop on or within its […]