Nursing

Minerals, Functions if minerals in the body, Importance of minerals in body, calcium, sodium, potassium,phosphorus, magnesium, iron and iodine

Minerals These are the inorganic compounds in micro quantities which are essential for many vital functions of the body. The minerals constituent of the body amounts to 4.3 to 4.4 %, largely in the skeleton. General Functions of Minerals As constituents of hard tissue. (eg.) calcium and phosphorus in bone and teeth. As constituents of […]

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Water Soluble Vitamins, Vitamin B1, B2 to B12, Daily Requirements of Vitamins, Vitamin Sources,Vitamins Deficiency Syndrome

Water Soluble Vitamins Vitamin B1-Thiamine Vitamin B2-Riboflavin Vitamin B3-Niacin Vitamin B5-Pantothenic acid Vitamin B6-Pyridoxin Vitamin B7-Biotin Vitamin B9-Folic acid Vitamin B12-Cyanocobalamine Vitamin C -Ascorbicacid These vitamins are essential for many metabolic functions of the body. These are daily required in diet. Vitamin B1- Thiamine Thiamine is essential for the normal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. […]

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Proteins, Daily Requirements of proteins, sources of protein, functions of proteins,Digestion and absorption

Proteins Proteins are the indispensible constituents of the diet. Proteins are made up of amino acids. Amino acids are needed for replacement and growth of the body parts. Amino acids are classified as essential and non essential amino acids. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be taken through foods whereas […]

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What is carbohydrates,classification of carbohydrates, Daily requirements of carbohydrates, Functions of carbohydrates

Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the chief sources of energy (Providing 4 Kcals/gm). Carbohydrates are cheap and readily available from food. There are three different kinds of carbohydrates. They include starch, sugar, and fibre. We do not get calories from fibre because our bodies do not break down fibre during digestion. Classification of Carbohydrates 1. Monosaccharides: These […]

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Functions of food in human body, Physiological, social, Physiological Functions of food

FUNCTIONS OF FOOD Food has three main functions in the body 1) Physiological 2)Social 3) Phychological a) Physiological Functions Food has three main physiological functions in the body a) Growth and Development b) Provision of Energy c) Repair and Maintenance of Cells a) Growth and development Food helps babies, young children and adolescents grow at […]

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What is the Classification Of Food

CLASSIFICATION OF FOOD a) According to the chemical nature • carbohydrates • proteins • fats • minerals • vitamins • dietary fiber • water b) According to their function in the body Energy giving foods The carbohydrates, fats and the protein are considered as calorie nutrients, so that the body can perform the necessary functions. […]

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Dyslexia, Dyslexia causes and Symptoms, how to deal with Dyslexia, Parent and Teacher Deal with Dyslexia

Dyslexia Dyslexia means difficulty in reading or learning to read accompanied by difficulty in writing and spelling correctly. ‘Dys’ means difficulty ‘lexia’ means words Causes * Congenital * Acquired brain damage (Birth trauma use of medication like phenobarbitone) Signs and Symptoms * Difficulties with – Concentration, Perception, Memory, Verbal skills, Abstract Reasoning, Hand eye co […]

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Breast Cancer, Causes of Breast Cancer, Signs and symptoms of Breast Cancer, Treatment for Breast Cancer

Breast Cancer Definition:- cancer is a disease process whereby cells proliferate abnormally, ignoring growth regulating signals in the environment surrounding the cell. Causes * No definite cause * Hormones and genetics play some role in causing breast cancer Risk Factors * Breast cancer may be seen after the age of 50 * Personal or family […]

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Oral Cancer,Types of Oral Cancer,Lip Cancer Symptoms and management, Tongue Cancer Symptoms and Management, Oral cavity Cancer Symptoms and Management

The goals of cancer management are cure, control and palliative care. Cancer is a disease in which certain body cells multiply without apparent control, destroying healthy tissue and organs and endangering life. There are three main classifications of cancer- 1. Carcinoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Lymphoma. Carcinoma: which is cancer of the epithelial tissue that forms […]

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What is hypothyroidism, causes of hypothyroidism, sings and symptoms of hypothyroidism, treatment for thyroid

Hypothyroidism It is a metabolic state resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone that may occur at any age. Congenital hypothyroidism results in a condition called cretinism. Causes * Congenital defects of the thyroid gland * Defective hormone synthesis * Iodine deficiency (prenatal and post natal) * Anti thyroid drugs * Surgery of management with […]

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What is Hyperthyroidism, Causes of Thyroid, Signs and symptoms of thyroid, thyroid diagnosis

HYPERTHYROIDISM: It is defined as sustained increased in synthesis and relaxes of thyroid hormone by the thyroid glands. It is highly prevented endocrine disorders. Causes * Graves’ disease * Toxic, diffuse goiter * Toxic adenoma * Thyroid carcinoma Signs and Symptoms * Heat intolerance * Exophthalmos * Loose bowel movements * Profuse diaphoresis * Tachycardia […]

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Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome/Disease (PCOD), signs and symptoms of ovulatory dysfunction, polycystic ovaries, and hyper and rogenism, Management and treatment for PCOD

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder that includes ovulatory dysfunction, polycystic ovaries, and hyper and rogenism. It most commonly occurs in women under 30 years old and is a cause of infertility. What are all the Causes * The causes are unknown. What is the Signs and Symptoms of poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome * […]

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What is Osteoporosis, Low bone mass and Bone tissue disease, Causes of Osteoporosis, signs and symptoms of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a disease characterised by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which can lead to increased risk of fracture. Risk factors * Genetics * Lack of exercise * Lack of calcium and vitamin D3 * Diet calcium / vitamin D deficiency * Osteoporosis means “porous bones” Signs and Symptoms * Pain […]

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Osteoarthritis,Common chronic disorders, Knee Joint Pains, Knee pain, Causes of knee pain, Treatment for Knee joint pains

Osteoarthritis is a very common chronic disorder involving the joints. It is a degenerative change in the joints. The degenerative changes take place because the rubbing of the joint surfaces causes a wearing away and disintegration of the tissues. Causes and Risk factors Age: people above the age of 45 have the risk for developing […]