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Minerals These are the inorganic compounds in micro quantities which are essential for many vital functions of the body. The minerals constituent of the body amounts to 4.3 to 4.4 %, largely in the skeleton. General Functions of Minerals As constituents of hard tissue. (eg.) calcium and phosphorus in bone and teeth. As constituents of […]
Water Soluble Vitamins Vitamin B1-Thiamine Vitamin B2-Riboflavin Vitamin B3-Niacin Vitamin B5-Pantothenic acid Vitamin B6-Pyridoxin Vitamin B7-Biotin Vitamin B9-Folic acid Vitamin B12-Cyanocobalamine Vitamin C -Ascorbicacid These vitamins are essential for many metabolic functions of the body. These are daily required in diet. Vitamin B1- Thiamine Thiamine is essential for the normal metabolism of carbohydrates and fats. […]
Proteins Proteins are the indispensible constituents of the diet. Proteins are made up of amino acids. Amino acids are needed for replacement and growth of the body parts. Amino acids are classified as essential and non essential amino acids. Essential amino acids cannot be synthesized by the body and must be taken through foods whereas […]
Carbohydrates Carbohydrates are the chief sources of energy (Providing 4 Kcals/gm). Carbohydrates are cheap and readily available from food. There are three different kinds of carbohydrates. They include starch, sugar, and fibre. We do not get calories from fibre because our bodies do not break down fibre during digestion. Classification of Carbohydrates 1. Monosaccharides: These […]
FUNCTIONS OF FOOD Food has three main functions in the body 1) Physiological 2)Social 3) Phychological a) Physiological Functions Food has three main physiological functions in the body a) Growth and Development b) Provision of Energy c) Repair and Maintenance of Cells a) Growth and development Food helps babies, young children and adolescents grow at […]
CLASSIFICATION OF FOOD a) According to the chemical nature • carbohydrates • proteins • fats • minerals • vitamins • dietary fiber • water b) According to their function in the body Energy giving foods The carbohydrates, fats and the protein are considered as calorie nutrients, so that the body can perform the necessary functions. […]
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NUTRITION AND HEALTH Food is a basic and foundational part of our lives. Food plays a vital role for human existence just as the air we breathe and the water we drink. The food we eat is utilized in the body and assimilated substances are used for growth and maintenance of the […]
What is skin banking? Skin banking is a facility where the skin is collected from eligible deceased donor and processed as per international protocols. Skin can be stored in the skin bank at 4-8o Celsius up to 5 years. T he stored skin can be used for Burns patient who have Deep Burns, Chemical Burns, […]
Computer Vision Syndrome About two hundred years before, the word “computer” started to appear in the dictionary. Some people even didn’t know what is a computer? However, most of the people today not just knowing what is a computer, but understand how to use a computer. Therefore, computer becomes more and more popular and important […]
Silicosis Silicosis, also known as Pottor’s rot is a form of occupational lung disease caused by inhalation of crystalline silica dust and is marked by inflammation and scarlingin forms of nodular lesions in the upper lobes of the lungs. Causes Silicosis is caused by exposure to crystalline silica and breathing in tiny bits of silica, […]
Alcoholism Alcoholism is a disease characterised by the habitual intake of alcohol and it interferes with physical or mental health or with normal social or work behaviour. Signs & Symptoms * Confusion * Memory loss * Slow or irregular breathing * Cold or clammy hand due to hypothermia * Falling unconscious and not waking up […]
Dyslexia Dyslexia means difficulty in reading or learning to read accompanied by difficulty in writing and spelling correctly. ‘Dys’ means difficulty ‘lexia’ means words Causes * Congenital * Acquired brain damage (Birth trauma use of medication like phenobarbitone) Signs and Symptoms * Difficulties with – Concentration, Perception, Memory, Verbal skills, Abstract Reasoning, Hand eye co […]
Breast Cancer Definition:- cancer is a disease process whereby cells proliferate abnormally, ignoring growth regulating signals in the environment surrounding the cell. Causes * No definite cause * Hormones and genetics play some role in causing breast cancer Risk Factors * Breast cancer may be seen after the age of 50 * Personal or family […]
The goals of cancer management are cure, control and palliative care. Cancer is a disease in which certain body cells multiply without apparent control, destroying healthy tissue and organs and endangering life. There are three main classifications of cancer- 1. Carcinoma 2. Sarcoma 3. Lymphoma. Carcinoma: which is cancer of the epithelial tissue that forms […]
Hypothyroidism It is a metabolic state resulting from a deficiency of thyroid hormone that may occur at any age. Congenital hypothyroidism results in a condition called cretinism. Causes * Congenital defects of the thyroid gland * Defective hormone synthesis * Iodine deficiency (prenatal and post natal) * Anti thyroid drugs * Surgery of management with […]
HYPERTHYROIDISM: It is defined as sustained increased in synthesis and relaxes of thyroid hormone by the thyroid glands. It is highly prevented endocrine disorders. Causes * Graves’ disease * Toxic, diffuse goiter * Toxic adenoma * Thyroid carcinoma Signs and Symptoms * Heat intolerance * Exophthalmos * Loose bowel movements * Profuse diaphoresis * Tachycardia […]
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a disorder that includes ovulatory dysfunction, polycystic ovaries, and hyper and rogenism. It most commonly occurs in women under 30 years old and is a cause of infertility. What are all the Causes * The causes are unknown. What is the Signs and Symptoms of poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome * […]
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (raised blood sugar level) and results from the defective insulin production, secretion, or utilization
Osteoporosis Osteoporosis is a disease characterised by low bone mass and deterioration of bone tissue, which can lead to increased risk of fracture. Risk factors * Genetics * Lack of exercise * Lack of calcium and vitamin D3 * Diet calcium / vitamin D deficiency * Osteoporosis means “porous bones” Signs and Symptoms * Pain […]
Osteoarthritis is a very common chronic disorder involving the joints. It is a degenerative change in the joints. The degenerative changes take place because the rubbing of the joint surfaces causes a wearing away and disintegration of the tissues. Causes and Risk factors Age: people above the age of 45 have the risk for developing […]