Application of Non-wovens: Non-woven fabrics appear in a wide variety of products for apparel, home-furnishings, business, industry and specialized applications such as aerospace. The list of products made from non-woven fabrics is long and growing each year. Some typical end-use items include diapers, handkerchiefs, shirts, dresses, apparel interfacings, bandages, curtains, decontamination clothing, garment bags, industrial […]
textile Designing
Non woven explained: difference between woven and Non woven
NON-WOVEN: Non-wovens are defined as fabric structures produced directly from fibers by bonding or entangling the fibers or filaments by mechanical, thermal or chemical means. Use of adhesive heat, fusion or entanglement of the fiber may be carried out. The input material for non-wovens are 1. Any fibers 2. Some kinds of Bonding Agent. 3. […]
What is knitting? Basic Components of machine knitting?
KNITTING: Knitting is the second most important method used in fabric construction. In 1589, Rever and William Lee, English men invented the first knitting machine. Today the modern machine is based onthe same general principles estabilished by William Lee. Knitting is the construction of the fabric by forming the yarn into loops which hang upon […]
Explain weaving operations in fabric productions or types of weaving operations?
Basic Weaving Operation: Basic Loom Operations: Selvedges: Thread Count: Basic Weave Structures: Surface figured weaves: Basic Weaving Operation: The machine used for weaving fabrics is a loom. Before weaving yarns intended forwarp must pass through such operations as spooling, wraping and slashing to preparethem to withstand the strain of weaving process. These processes do not […]
Difference between warp and weft in fabric production
WARP: 1.Most Garments are cut in lengthwise 2.These are parallel to the selvedge 3.Yarns are finer in warp-wise direction as they have higher twist as warps have to go through lots of processing. 4.Filamentous yarns are preferred as warps 5.Yarns are stronger 6.Twist is more and yarns per inch is also more 7.Ply are preffered […]
Yarn forms,Types of yarns in textile designing, Knitting Yarn
Yarn forms: (a) A number of fibers twisted together. (b) A number of filaments laid together without twist. (c) A number of filaments laid together with more or less twist. (d) A single mono filament. E.g . Silk TYPES OF YARNS: Yarns can be made either from short staple length fibers or from filament fibers. […]
Define yarn:Manufacturing system for yarn explained.
“Yarn is defined by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) as “A generic term for a continuous strand of textile fiber, filament, or material suitable for knitting, weaving to form a textile fabric”. YARN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM: The twisting process by which fibers are formed into a yarn is referred to as spinning. Spinning […]
What is polyester? Manufacturing process of polyester:
POLYESTER: Polyester is sometimes referred to as the “workhorse” fiber of the industry. The filament form of the fiber has been said to be the most versatile fiber and the staple form has been called the “big mixer” because it can be blended with so many other fibers, contributing its good properties to the blend […]
Explain nylon and its manufacturing process in man made fibers
NYLON Nylon was the first synthetic fiber. In 1928 the Dupont company decided to establish a fundamental research program. If anything was discovered it would be good for the company – a means of diversification. It was noticed that when a glass rod was taken out of one of the polyester stills the solution adhering […]
Meaning of acetate and triacetate? Manufacturing process of acetate and triacetate /difference between acetate triacetate?
ACETATE AND TRIACETATE: Acetate, which is properly called cellulose acetate (chemically di-acetate or secondary acetate) was first made by Paul Schutzenberger in 1869. The first use of this substancewas as a coating on cotton fabric or as a film similar to cellophane or plastic wrap. As a coating the substance was applied to fabric used […]
What about rayon? What are the spinning methods in man made fibers? Expand manufacturing process of rayon in fiber production.
RAYON: Rayon was the first fiber to be produced commercially. By the passage of time increasing number of new fibers came into existence. A generic name is the name of a family of fibers all having similar chemical composition. All man-made fiber spinning processes are based on three general steps. 1. Preparing a viscous solution […]
What is wool?Expand History, processing and manufacturing process of wool;Wool Classifications and classification of wool by fleece?
Wool: The word wool was wull in old English. Wool is the fiber from the fleece of domesticated sheep. Principal Origin : Natural Generic name : Animal hair Chemical type : Proteinaceous Common name : Wool History: When wild sheep were killed by primitive people for food they used the pelts as body coverings. It […]
History of silk, growth and production, what are the process of silk?
History: The possibility of making cloth from the filament that the silkworm spins into a cocoon was first discovered in China about 2600 B.C. Legends tells us that a cocoon accidently dropped into a cup of tea that a Chinese Princess was having in her garden. The hot liquid softened and loosened the fiber, which […]
What is animal fibers? What are the animal fibers in textile designing?
ANIMAL FIBERS: High resistance. Good Good Burns readily Natural protein fibers are obtained from animal sources like hair and other secretion, fibers include covering from such animals as sheep, mohair goat, cashmere goat and camel. Secretions are obtained from the larva, or worm stage, of the silkworm, which spins the cocoon from which silk fibers […]
Definition of retting and what are the types or process of retting in flax and linen?
Retting: The bundles of plants are then steeped in water so that the tissue or woody bark surrounding the hairlike flax fiber will decompose, thus loosening the gum that binds the fiber to the stem. The decomposition is called retting. Retting only loosens the woody bark. If flax is not retted enough, the removal of […]
What is Flax (linen)? history, growth and production of flax plant explanations.
The word flax is derived from Old English “flax”. Linen is the term applied to the yarn spun from flax fibres and to the cloth or fabric woven from this yarn, flax fibers are held together under the stem’s bark principally by a gummy substance (pectin) from the body of flax plant. It is composed […]
Process involved in Calendaring, Cire effect and moiré effect
It is a mechanical process that finishes the fabric, by passing it between sets of rollers and applying heat and pressure. The outside of the rollers can be smoother or engraved to give the perfect finish to the fabric, the structure of the rollers varies from hardened chromium plated steel to elastic thermoplastic rollers. By […]
What is Cotton Fiber Bleaching, Process of Bleaching, Bleaching Process chemicals
Bleaching Bleach is a chemical that removes colour or whitens a fabric via oxidation or reduction method. Many types of bleach have strong bactericidal properties, and are used for disinfecting and sterilizing. Bleaching is another important pretreatment next to scouring, performed on cotton fibres. This treatment is given to decolourize the natural colouring matter present […]
FIBER PRODUCTION – What is cotton? Growth and production of cotton explained.
Cotton: The word cotton is derived from the Arabic word qoton or qutun, which means a plant found in conquered land. Cotton is fiber that grows from the surrounding surface of seeds in the pods, or balls of a bushy mallow plant. It is composed basically of a substance called cellulose. Principal Origin : Natural […]
Classification of textiles finish – Functional Finish in Textile industry
This type of finish changes the internal performance of the fabric. These are given to improve the aesthetic purpose of a fabric. Thus functional finishes can be further divided into two groups : 1. Aesthetic Finish It is given to enhance the fabric appearance and its draping ability. Some of the important aesthetic finishes are […]